Rokeach M 1973 The Nature Of Human Values Pdf Top

Desirable ways of behaving to achieve terminal values. Examples:

The antecedents of human values can be traced to culture, society, institutions, and personality.

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Here's a brief overview:

Instrumental values refer to preferable modes of conduct. These are the behavioral means or traits utilized to achieve the terminal values. Ambitious (hard-working, aspiring) Broadminded (open-minded) Capable (competent, effective) Cheerful (lighthearted, joyful) Clean (neat, tidy) Courageous (standing up for your beliefs) Forgiving (willing to pardon others) Helpful (working for the welfare of others) Honest (sincere, truthful) Imaginative (daring, creative) Independent (self-reliant, self-sufficient) Intellectual (intelligent, reflective) Logical (rational, objective) Loving (affectionate, tender) Obedient (dutiful, respectful) Polite (courteous, well-mannered) Responsible (dependable, reliable) Self-controlled (restrained, self-disciplined) Methodology: The Ranking System Desirable ways of behaving to achieve terminal values

Before Rokeach, “values” were a fuzzy concept. He changed that by offering a clear, testable definition:

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Be wary of random "free PDF" sites. Many contain OCR errors (mixing up "Ambitious" with "Ambiguous") or malware. The "top" PDF is one that is clean, paginated exactly like the 1973 original (321 pages, including the appendix of the survey instrument), and legally obtained.

Rokeach aimed to define and measure human values systematically, link values to attitudes and behavior, and provide tools for empirical research. He sought a practical framework useful across psychology, sociology, political science, and applied fields (e.g., marketing, organizational behavior).

While Rokeach's 1973 framework revolutionized the industry, modern social sciences have expanded upon his work. The most notable successor is , which organizes values into a circular, motivational continuum rather than a rigid list. However, Schwartz's work directly evolved from the foundations laid out by Rokeach.